Auxiliary Verbs - 'Be,' 'Do,' 'Have'

http://www.bwleng.com/2017/10/auxiliary-verbs-bedo-have.html An auxiliary verb helps the main (full) verb and is also called a "helping verb." With auxiliary verbs, you can write sentences in different tenses, moods, or voices. Auxiliary verbs are: be, do, have, will, shall, would, should, can, could, may, might, must, ought, etc. I think I should study harder to master English. I am having a cup of coffee. You have been practicing hard. It was written by a petitioner. You may choose what you like. The verb forms of be, do, and have can be used either as a main (full) verb or an auxiliary verb. The following examples show these verbs used as auxiliary verbs. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r90pmSV-5Zg 1. "Be" as an auxiliary verb a.Used in progressive sentences: I am taking a bath. She is preparing dinner for us. They have been studying all night. b.Used in passive sentences: I was given a free meal. He was seen by fans at the airport. This song has been sung by all nations. 2."Do" as an auxiliary verb a. Used in negative sentences: I do not know the truth. She doesn’t agree with me. They didn’t arrive here yet. b.Used in questions: Do you want to have another one? Did he finish his homework? Do we need to keep going straight? 3."Have" as an auxiliary verb a. Used in perfect sentences: I have been following you for a mile. We have done a lot so far. She had been queen of the town. [Quiz 19.1] Identify all auxiliary verbs in the following paragraph. I have just heard that you didn’t attend the meeting yesterday. Did you have a conflict with that time? I must ask that you explain the reason. [Quiz 19.2] Which of the following sentences does not show any auxiliary verbs? 1)I didn’t have any reason to go there. 2)Have we practiced this song enough? 3)Three seats have been reserved for us. 4)I am a professor in the economics department http://seatle.davidjoel.co/auxiliary-form/ Be I am learning English in Malta. Are you listening to me? Is she your sister? They are reading. This picture was painted 100 years ago. They were studying for the IELTS test. Do Do you speak English? She does not like coffee. Have Have you got a dog? I have not got a lot of time. Be, do and have as main verbs Remember be, do and have also function as main verbs. They become auxiliary verbs when they help another verb in a sentence. Compare: Main verb: I am tall. Auxiliary verb: I am making lunch. Main verb: I do my homework. Auxiliary verb: They do not want a drink. Main verb: I have a plan. Auxiliary verb: Have you got a spare pen? Now choose the correct auxiliary verb to complete each sentence: QUIZ EXERCISE 1 1) I ___ having a glass of wine. be am is 2) They ____ looking for you. is were was 3) __ they want some more? Does Do 4) I ___ taken this test before. has have 5) She ___ been working. had did https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/be-do-and-have-auxiliary-verbs I think I should study harder to master English. I am having a cup of coffee. You have been practicing hard. It was written by a petitioner. You may choose what you like. The verb forms of be, do, and have can be used either as a main (full) verb or an auxiliary verb. The following examples show these verbs used as auxiliary verbs.  EXERCISE2 1. "Be" as an auxiliary verb a.Used in progressive sentences: I am taking a bath. She is preparing dinner for us. They have been studying all night. b.Used in passive sentences: I was given a free meal. He was seen by fans at the airport. This song has been sung by all nations. 2."Do" as an auxiliary verb a. Used in negative sentences: I do not know the truth. She doesn’t agree with me. They didn’t arrive here yet. b.Used in questions: Do you want to have another one? Did he finish his homework? Do we need to keep going straight? 3."Have" as an auxiliary verb a. Used in perfect sentences: I have been following you for a mile. We have done a lot so far. She had been queen of the town. http://www.bwleng.com/2017/10/auxiliary-verbs-bedo-have.html https://www.slideshare.net/MatthijsVanEijk/helping-auxiliary-verbs-english-m-van-eijk https://busyteacher.org/9576-auxiliary-verbs-gap-filling.html TO BE Be is the most common verb in the English language. It can be used as an auxiliary and a main verb. It is used a lot in its other forms. Base form = be Present form = am/is/are Past form = was/were Present Participle / Gerund = being Past Participle = been TO DO The verb do is one of the most common verbs in English. It can be used as an auxiliary and a main verb. It is often used in questions. Base form = do Present form = do/does Past form = did Present Participle / Gerund = doing Past Participle = done !Note - The auxiliary verb 'do' is always followed by the base form (infinitive). TO HAVE Have is one of the most common verbs in the English language. Base form = have Present form = have / has Past form = had Present Participle / Gerund = having Past Participle = had https://www.learnenglish.de/grammar/verbaux.html

Adverbials

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oF95vgjyp0c

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-adverbial-grammar-1689067

Why do we use adverbials?

We use adverbs to give more information about the verb.

We use adverbials of manner to say how something happens or how something is done:

The children were playing happily.

He was driving as fast as possible.

We use adverbials of place to say where something happens:

I saw him there.

We met in London.

We use adverbials of time to say when or how often something happens:

They start work at six thirty.

They usually go to work by bus.

We use adverbials of probability to show how certain we are about something.

Perhaps the weather will be fine.

He is certainly coming to the party.

Try these tasks to practice your use of adverbials

What are fronted adverbials?

Fronted adverbials, words or phrases that describe the action in a sentence, are introduced to KS2 children in Year 4. Find out how to identify them and how your child will be taught to use fronted adverbials in their writing in our parents' guide to primary grammar concepts.

An adverbial is a word or phrase that has been used like an adverb to add detail or further information to a verb. (An easy way to remember what an adverb is: it adds to the verb.)

Adverbials are used to explain how, where or when something happened; they are like adverbs made up of more than one word.

For example: 

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-adverbial-grammar-1689067

In the sentences above, the verbs are in pink and the adverbials are in blue.

'Fronted' adverbials are 'fronted' because they have been moved to the front of the sentence, before the verb. In other words, fronted adverbials are words or phrases at the beginning of a sentence, used to describe the action that follows.

A comma is normally used after an adverbial (but there are plenty of exceptions to this rule).

For example:

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-adverbial-grammar-1689067

"In reality, adverbials are very free in their placement, appearing in different positions in the sentence, not just sentence final:

• sentence initial—[Yesterday], I ran a marathon.
• sentence final—I ran a marathon [yesterday].
• preverbal—I [always] run well in the heat.
• postverbal—I handed the baton [quickly] to the next runner.
• within the verb group—I have [never] won a race

Examples and Observations

• My sister usually visits on Sundays.
• When she isn't working, my sister visits on Sundays.
• My sister visits on Sundays when she isn't workin

Placement of Adverbials

"In reality, adverbials are very free in their placement, appearing in different positions in the sentence, not just sentence final:

• sentence initial—[Yesterday], I ran a marathon.
• sentence final—I ran a marathon [yesterday].
• preverbal—I [always] run well in the heat.
• postverbal—I handed the baton [quickly] to the next runner.
• within the verb group—I have [never] won a race.
• https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-adverbial-grammar-1689067
• 
  

http://www.primaryresourcecentre.com/ourshop/prod_3691798-Fronted-Adverbial-Display-Poster-Pack.html

• What is the difference between the terms adverb and Adverbial? The two are often confused and this isn’t surprising, given that they sound so similar. Here are the National Curriculum definitions:
  
  
https://grammarianism.wordpress.com/2016/10/15/adverb-and-adverbial/

EVALUATION

Question 1

Our team played the first half terribly, but we won the game ...

despitewhatevernotwithstanding

Question 2

Peter behaves ... he didn't know where we are.
asas thoughyet

Question 3

Helen is a beautiful girl ... she is stupid.
butalthoughhowever

Question 4

... she was ill, she managed to win the race.
Even thoughDespiteHowever

Question 5

... nobody expected her, she cropped up.
DespiteYetAs

Question 6

I'll close the window ... you don't get cold.

so as toin order toso that
http://testyourenglish.org/test-130

Modal Verbs

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ckl_XQDDQqs

http://www.mansioningles.com/Gram62.htm

The modal verbs are:

can	could
may	might
shall	should
will	would
must

We use modal verbs to show if we believe something is certain, probable or possible (or not). We also use modals to do things like talking about ability, asking permission making requests and offers, and so on.
 

• certain, probable or possible
• ability, permission, requests and advice
• modals + have
• can, could and could have
• may, might, may have and might have
• can or could
• will or would
• will have or would have                                                                  

•  Los verbos modales son:

can

could

may

might

will

shall

should

ought to

must/have to

would Can I can speak five languages.(Puedo hablar cinco idiomas.) We can work late tonight if you need us.(Podemos trabajar hasta tarde esta noche si nos necesitas.) Bill and Tom can’t help you.(Bill y Tom no pueden ayudarte.) The restaurant can be expensive if you drink a lot of wine.(El restaurante puede ser caro si bebes mucho vino.) Should It can be dangerous to drive if you are tired.(Conducir puede ser peligroso si estás cansado.) Could Joe could speak Spanish when he was young.(Joe podía hablar español cuando era joven.) I couldn’t sleep last night.(No pude dormir anoche.) Could you play an instrument when you were a child?(¿Podías tocar un instrumento cuando eras un niño?) May I would bring an umbrella, it may rain later.(Llevaría un paraguas, puede llover más tarde.) It may be better to finish this now, rather than wait until tomorrow.(Tal vez sea mejor terminar esto ahora, en lugar de esperar hasta mañana.)

Might

I would bring an umbrella, it might rain later.(Yo llevaría un paraguas, puede llover más tarde.)

It might be better to finish this now, rather than wait until tomorrow.(Tal vez sea mejor terminar esto ahora, en lugar de esperar hasta mañana.) Will http://www.stanag6001.com/modal-verbs/

A modal is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that is used to express: ability, possibility, permission or obligation. Modal phrases (or semi-modals) are used to express the same things as modals, but are a combination of auxiliary verbs and the preposition to. The modals and semi-modals in English are:

1. Can/could/be able to
2. May/might
3. Shall/should
4. Must/have to
5. Will/would 

EVALUATION

Elige la respuesta correcta.

Q1 of 8

____ you help me? 

 Can 

 May 

 Should 

 Must 

Q2 of 8

They ____ practice more if they want to win the championship. 

 may 

 might 

 should 

 would 

Q3 of 8

You ____ not drink and drive. 

 may 

 might 

 would 

 must 

Q4 of 8

____ you always be late? 

 May 

 Might 

 Would 

 Must 

Q5 of 8

I ____ like to go to New York someday. 

 may 

 will 

 should 

 would 

Q6 of 8

They ____ to work less. 

 may 

 ought 

 should 

 must 

Q7 

It ____ be dangerous to drive if you are tired. 

 can 

 shall 

 ought 

 should 

 

https://7esl.com/modal-verbs/modal-verbs-8/

1) ____ you help me with my English exam?

a) Might

b) Will

c) Ought

d) Should

2) You ____ read the washing machine instructions carefully or you will ruin your clothes.

a) could

b) must

c) will

d) ought

3) We ____ take an umbrella. It looks like it's raining cats and dogs.

a) may

b) should

c) might

d) could

4) ____ you always be late?

a) May

b) Might

c) Would

d) Must

5) I ____ love to go to the beach this August.

a) will

b) may

c) should

d) would

6) She ____ train harder if she wants to break the record.

a) may

b) might

c) should

d) would

http://englishstudypage.com/grammar/modal-verbs-can/

https://englishstudypage.com/grammar/modal-verbs-can-or-could/

http://englishstudypage.com/grammar/modal-verbs-can/

Structure with Modal Verbs

A Modal verb is followed by another verb in the base form (the infinitive without the 'To') and they are not conjugated (we don't add an 'S' in third person). See the following structure:

Subject + Modal Verb + Verb (base form of the infinitive)

• I can speak English (NOT: I can to speak English)
• He can speak Spanish (NOT: He can speaks Spanish)
• She can speak Spanish (NOT: She cans speak Spanish)

Modal Verbs in Negative Sentences

Subject + Modal Verb + not + Verb (base form of the infinitive)

• You must not walk on the grass. (= You mustn't walk on the grass.)
• He cannot speak Arabic. (= He can't speak Arabic.)
• We should not be late. (= We shouldn't be late.)

As you can see in the examples above, contractions of the Modal verb + not are normally possible.

The negative of can is cannot ('not' is joined to 'can') and the contraction is can't

Modal Verbs in Questions

Modal Verb + Subject + Verb (base form of the infinitive)

• May I help you?
• Can I have another piece of cake please?
• Would you like to come with us?

http://englishstudypage.com/grammar/modal-verbs-can/

https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/modal-verbs